Saladin began his military career as a soldier in his uncle’s Egyptian campaign. In 1169 he became vizier of Egypt’s Fāṭimid caliphate, which was a...

Saladin was a devout Sunni Muslim. He was committed to jihad, a term that in this context refers to a struggle to promote what is right and prevent...

In 1186/87 the Crusader prince Reginald of Châtillon broke a truce with Saladin, who responded by declaring war. Saladin slaughtered the Crusader a...

Saladin’s reconquest of Jerusalem in 1187 prompted Pope Gregory VIII to organize the Third Crusade. From 1189 to 1192, Saladin lost Acre and Jaffa...