He consolidated the empire after the civil war that ended the Sui dynasty, expanded the territory through military campaigns, reformed the administration and law, promoted cultural exchange and religious tolerance, and patronized literature and art.
She was the only female emperor in Chinese history, who usurped the throne from her son and ruled as the sovereign of the Zhou dynasty, a short-lived rival state to the Tang. She maintained the stability and prosperity of the empire, supported the development of Buddhism, and fostered talented officials and scholars.
He presided over the peak of the Tang dynasty's power and cultural influence, known as the Kaiyuan era. He expanded the borders to Central Asia, supported the flourishing of arts and sciences, and patronized the famous poets Li Bai and Du Fu.
He was the founder of the Tang dynasty, who overthrew the tyrannical Sui dynasty and unified China after decades of chaos and division. He established the foundations of the Tang's political and military system, and implemented policies to encourage agriculture, trade, and education.