Measurement of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is central to evaluating outcomes, differences among SLE patient groups, responses to a new drug proposed, and also for assessing disease longitudinally for observational and clinical

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease with multisystemic involvement. The condition has several phenotypes, with varying clinical presentations from mild mucocutaneous manifestations to multiorgan and severe central nervous

Objectives: There are no population-based estimates of the incidence or risk factors for acute cardiac manifestations in children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) to guide screening and diagnostic imaging practices. We estimated the incidence and