Issuing coins and paper money
Monetary policy has evolved over the centuries, along with the development of a money economy. Historians, economists, anthropologists and … See more

Central banks typically use a nominal anchor to pin down expectations of private agents about the nominal price level or its path or about what the central bank might do with respect to … See more

In international economics
Optimal monetary policy in international economics is concerned with the question of how monetary … See more

• Money portal
• Economic policy
• Fiscal policy
• Interest on excess reserves See more

The instruments available to central banks for conducting monetary policy vary from country to country, depending on the country's stage of … See more

The short-term effects of monetary policy can be influenced by the degree to which announcements of new policy are deemed credible. In particular, when an anti-inflation policy is … See more

Transparency
Beginning with New Zealand in 1990, central banks began adopting formal, public See more